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Kelvin

This article is about the unit of temperature. For the person, see Lord Kelvin. For other uses, see Kelvin (disambiguation).

kelvin
Equivalent temperatures in kelvin (K), Celsius (°C), and Fahrenheit (°F)
General information
Unit systemSI
Unit oftemperature
SymbolK
Named afterWilliam Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin
2019 definitionkB ≝ 1.380649×10−23 J/K
Conversions
x K in ...... corresponds to ...
   Celsius   (x − 273.15) °C
   Fahrenheit   (1.8 x − 459.67) °F
   Rankine   1.8 x °Ra

The kelvin, symbol K, is the base unit of measurement for temperature in the International System of Units (SI). The Kelvin scale is an absolute temperature scale that starts from 0 K, the coldest possible temperature (absolute zero), then rises by exactly 1 K for each 1 °C.[1][2][3][4] The Kelvin scale was designed to be easily converted from the Celsius scale (symbol °C). Any temperature in degrees Celsius can be converted to kelvin by adding 273.15.[1][5]

The 19th century British scientist Lord Kelvin first developed and proposed the scale.[5] It was often called the "absolute Celsius" scale in the early 20th century.[6] The kelvin was formally added to the International System of Units in 1954, defining 273.16 K to be the triple point of water. The Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Rankine scales were redefined in terms of the Kelvin scale using this definition.[2][7][8] The 2019 redefinition of the SI base units now defines the kelvin in terms of energy by setting the Boltzmann constant to exactly 1.380649×10−23 joules per kelvin;[2] every 1 K change of thermodynamic temperature corresponds to a thermal energy change of exactly 1.380649×10−23 J.

  1. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference MEP for kelvin 2019 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference SI Brochure 9 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference BIPM web page for kelvin was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference NIST SI redefinition was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference nist intro was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ Cite error: The named reference absoluteC was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference Busting Myths about the Metric System was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ Cite error: The named reference NIST HB44 Appendix C was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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